Ishishini leenqanawa lehlabathi ngo-2026 lisebenza phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo ophakamileyo wokujonga imithetho kunye notshintsho oluntsonkothileyo lwezopolitiko. Kubavelisi kunye nabanini beeprojekthi, ukuhamba kweeasethi zoshishino ezinexabiso eliphezulu ngaphesheya kweelwandle kubandakanya umngcipheko omkhulu wezemali kunye nomthetho. Impazamo enye yolawulo okanye ukungabikho kwesiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo kunokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwezixhobo ezixabisa izigidi zeerandi kwimida yamazwe ngamazwe. Kule meko, i-aInkampani yeZithuthi zaseTshayina yaMazwe ngaMazwekufuneka ibe namava angaphezu nje okusebenza; kufuneka ibe nesikhundla esisemthethweni esifunekayo ukukhusela abathengi bayo. Iilayisenisi ezifana ne-Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier (NVOCC) kunye nesatifikethi se-Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) azizo nje izihloko ezihloniphekileyo. Endaweni yoko, zisebenza njengomda osisiseko wobuwena obusemthethweni, zimisela indlela umboneleli wezothutho aphatha ngayo uxanduva, ukhuseleko lwezemali, kunye negunya lesivumelwano.
Ukukhetha iqabane elingenazo ezi ziqinisekiso kubeka abathumeli kwindawo engenaxanduva. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda iingenelo zesakhiwo selayisenisi ye-NVOCC kunye ne-FMC kubalulekile kulo naliphi na ishishini elihamba ngendlela yanamhlanje yolwandle.
Utshintsho ukusuka kwi-Arhente ukuya kwi-Carrier: Inzuzo ye-NVOCC
Umahluko ophambili kwihlabathi lezothutho uphakathi komthengisi wempahla wendabuko kunye ne-NVOCC. Iarhente yendabuko isebenza egameni lomthumeli kuphela, idla ngokushiya umnini wempahla ukuba ajongane ngqo nomgca wenqanawa xa kukho ingxabano. Nangona kunjalo, i-NVOCC isebenza "njengomthwali we-virtual." Le meko ivumela inkampani ukuba ithathe uxanduva olupheleleyo olusemthethweni ngomthwalo ngelixa isebenzisa iinqanawa ezibonakalayo zemigca emikhulu yokuthutha.
Eyona nto iphambili kolu tshintsho ligunya lokukhupha i-House Bill of Lading (HBL). Olu xwebhu sisivumelwano sokuthwala impahla esinika i-NVOCC igunya lokuxoxisana ngerhafu yempahla kunye nendawo ngokuthe ngqo nabaqhubi beenqanawa. Kwiinkampani ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-I-OOGPLUS, eseShanghai, le meko yomthetho inika amandla abalulekileyo xa kuphathwa imithwalo engaphandle kwe-gauge (OOG). Ngenxa yokuba i-OOGPLUS inesiqinisekiso se-NVOCC, inokubonelela ngeziqinisekiso zembuyekezo ezithe ngqo. Endaweni yokulinda umgca wokuthutha impahla ukuba uqhube ibango, i-NVOCC imi njengeqabane eliphambili lesivumelwano. Le meko yomthetho ikwabonelela inkampani ngamandla angcono okuxoxisana ngemithwalo emikhulu "enzima ukuyibeka", iqinisekisa ukuba oomatshini abanzima bafumana indawo yokugcina impahla kunye nokukhuselwa kuqala.
Ukhuseleko lwezeMali kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho ngokusebenzisa iLayisensi ye-FMC
Kwimpahla ethunyelwayo equka imakethi yaseMntla Melika okanye imizila emikhulu yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ilayisenisi yeFederal Maritime Commission (FMC) imele umgangatho wegolide wokuthobela imithetho. I-FMC isebenza njengomlindi olawulayo, iqinisekisa ukuba ababoneleli beenkonzo zaselwandle balandela iindlela zorhwebo olufanelekileyo kunye nokungafihlisi kwezemali. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zale layisenisi yi-75,000 USD FMC Surety Bond enyanzelekileyo. Le bhondi isebenza "njengomjelo" wezemali, ikhusela abanini bempahla kumngcipheko wokubhanga okanye ukunganyaniseki komnikezeli wezothutho.
Kwimarike eguquguqukayo yowama-2026, apho iirhafu zolwandle kunye neentlawulo zezibuko zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza, ilayisenisi ye-FMC iqinisekisa ukucaca kwamaxabiso. Ababoneleli abaneelayisenisi abanjengo-OOGPLUS kufuneka bafake iirhafu zabo kunye neekhontrakthi zenkonzo, bethintela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ngokungacwangciswanga okanye iindleko ezifihlakeleyo. Olu lawulo lolawulo lususa izithuba zomthetho ezihlala zivela ngexesha lokuxinana kwamazibuko okanye ukunqongophala kwezixhobo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthobela i-FMC kubonisa abasemagunyeni behlabathi ukuba inkampani ilandela imigaqo engqongqo yokulwa norhwaphilizo kunye nokulwa nokuhlanjwa kwemali. Kwinkampani elawula iiprojekthi zoshishino ezinkulu, eli nqanaba lempilo yezemali eqinisekisiweyo liyimfuneko ekugcineni uthotho lokubonelela oluzinzileyo.
"I-Trust Premium" kwi-Oversized Project Cargo
Ukuthutha izixhobo ezinkulu kakhulu, ezifana neeblade ze-wind turbine okanye ii-transformers ezingama-40-ton, kufuna inqanaba eliphezulu lokuthenjwa kobungcali kunokuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina okuqhelekileyo. Ezi projekthi zihlala ziquka imixokelelwane ye-logistics equka amazwekazi aliqela. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingcali ye-logistics kufuneka iqhagamshelane nenethiwekhi enkulu yamaqabane ehlabathi. Iziqinisekiso ezifana ne-NVOCC kunye nelayisensi ye-FMC ziphucula kakhulu i-"Trust Premium" kwimibutho efana ne-World Cargo Alliance (WCA).
Xa umboneleli enesimo esiqinisekisiweyo sezomthetho nesezimali, iiarhente zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nabasemagunyeni bezibuko baqhuba imithwalo yabo ngokuzithemba okukhulu. Kwi-OOGPLUS, ukudibanisa lo mfanekiso wobungcali kunye nobuchule bayo bobuchwephesha eShanghai kudala ukuhamba komsebenzi okungenamthungo. Ngenxa yokuba inkampani inala maphepha-mvume aphezulu, inokulawula iinkcukacha ezintsonkothileyo zokubethela, uphando lweendlela, kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi ngokuxhaswa ngokupheleleyo ngumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe wolwandle. Eli gunya libaluleke kakhulu xa lisebenzisana nabanini beenqanawa ezithwala imithwalo enzima abafuna ubungqina bobuchule bomthetho kunye nobemali bomboneleli ngaphambi kokuba banikezele ngesithuba esikhethekileyo sedekhi. Ngenxa yoko, ilayisenisi iba sisixhobo sokusebenza kakuhle, inciphisa ixesha elichithwa ekuqinisekisweni kolawulo kuyo yonke indawo yokudluliselwa kwempahla.
Ukwenza kube lula ukuntsonkotha ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa kwedijithali kunye nomthetho
Ingcali yezothutho yanamhlanje ayixhomekekanga kumaphepha kuphela. Ngowama-2026, ukudityaniswa kwezisombululo zedijithali kunye nezatifikethi zomthetho kuye kwaba yimfuneko esisiseko yemixokelelwane yokubonelela esebenza kakuhle. Umthwali onelayisenisi unokudibanisa iinkqubo zakhe zokulandelela zedijithali ngokuthe ngqo namagunya erhafu kunye namazibuko, ebonelela ngenqanaba lokungafihli nto elingenakufaniswa neearhente ezingenalayisenisi.
Utyalo-mali olwenziwe yi-OOGPLUS kubuchwepheshe lubonisa olu hlobo. Ngokudibanisa imeko yayo ye-NVOCC nezixhobo zedijithali ezintsha, inkampani yenza lula inkqubo yezothutho kubathengi bayo. Abathumeli bafumana uhlaziyo lwangempela kunye namaxwebhu acacileyo amelana nokujongwa kokuhlolwa kwerhafu yamazwe ngamazwe. Olu manyano phakathi kokuthobela umthetho kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha zedijithali luphucula amava abathengi ngokubanzi. Iqinisekisa ukuba izisombululo ezikhethekileyo zemithwalo emikhulu nenzima zihlala zingakhuselekanga ngokwasemzimbeni kuphela kodwa zikhuselekile ngokwasemthethweni nangokwezimali.
Ukhetho oluCwangcisiweyo loLawulo loMngcipheko
Ngowama-2026, ukukhetha iqabane elinelayisenisi le-NVOCC kunye ne-FMC akusekho mbandela wokukhetha ulawulo. Sisigqibo esicwangcisiweyo esisekelwe kulawulo lomngcipheko kunye nokukhuselwa komthetho. Njengoko urhwebo lwehlabathi lulawulwa ngakumbi, ixabiso lobunikazi bobuchwephesha obuqinisekisiweyo liza kwanda kuphela. Ababoneleli abanjengo-OOGPLUS bazibonakalise njengabancedisi boshishino ngokuqinisekisaezi layisenisi zibalulekileyoBanikezela ngesisombululo esinye esidlula ezothutho zemveli, sivala umsantsa phakathi kobunjineli obunzima kunye nomthetho wezolwandle wamazwe ngamazwe.
Kumnini wempahla wehlabathi, ezi zatifikethi zibonelela ngoxolo lwengqondo lokuba utyalo-mali lwabo olunexabiso eliphezulu lukhuselwe yinkqubo yomthetho eqinileyo. Nokuba uthutha impahla ngomoya, elwandle, okanye emhlabeni, inkxaso yomthwali onelayisenisi iqinisekisa ukuba yonke iprojekthi ifikelela kwindawo yayo ingenasiphako.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nothutho lobuchwephesha lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezisombululo zokuthumela ezinelayisenisi, nceda undwendwele iwebhusayithi esemthethweni:https://www.oogplus.com/.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-28-2026